Sports nutrition: active ingredients
HMB: Supplement Forms Compared and How to Choose One
HMB (beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate) is sold as capsules, tablets, loose powder and liquid "free acid" shots, often at very different…
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Safety and health
Heart Screening Before You Start Training: What Is Worth Checking
Sudden cardiac events during exercise are rare, but they are devastating and often affect people who appeared perfectly healthy. A short…
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Organ protection
Rosuvastatin: What the Clinical Trials Actually Show
Rosuvastatin is one of the most potent statins available and one of the most thoroughly studied. It is also increasingly discussed in gyms,…
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Sports nutrition: emerging ingredients
Glycine Side Effects: What Is Known and Who Should Be Careful
Glycine is the simplest amino acid and a common ingredient in sleep, collagen and recovery products. Because the body makes it and food…
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Safety and health
Hypoglycaemia: Warning Signs and What to Do
Hypoglycaemia, or low blood glucose, can turn a normal training session into an emergency within minutes. It mostly affects people treated…
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Sports nutrition: active ingredients
Ecdysterone Side Effects: What the Evidence Says
Ecdysterone, a plant steroid found in spinach, quinoa and several traditional herbs, is marketed as a "natural anabolic". A widely…
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Sports nutrition: emerging ingredients
L-Theanine: What It Is and How It Works
L-theanine is the amino acid that gives green tea part of its savoury taste and, according to many tea drinkers, its "calm alertness". It…
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Athlete health: conditions
Fatty Liver in Athletes: Causes and Links to Training and Drugs
Fatty liver disease is usually associated with inactivity and obesity, so finding it in a regular gym-goer can come as a surprise. Yet it…
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Sports nutrition: new perspectives
Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Women: Are There Any Special Considerations?
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a popular antioxidant supplement marketed for weight management, energy and "metabolic health". Women often…
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Organ protection
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC): Side Effects and Contraindications
N-acetylcysteine, usually shortened to NAC, has a dual identity. In hospitals it is the life-saving antidote for paracetamol overdose; on…
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Sports nutrition: emerging ingredients
Who Should Not Take Leucine Supplements
Leucine is the branched-chain amino acid most closely linked to muscle protein synthesis, and it is widely sold on its own or within BCAA…
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Sports nutrition: new perspectives
Vitamin D3, the Liver and the Kidneys: Is It Safe?
Vitamin D3 is one of the most widely used supplements in the UK, recommended by public health bodies through the autumn and winter. Because…
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Sports nutrition: emerging ingredients
Theacrine: What It Is and How It Works
Theacrine is a purine alkaloid closely related to caffeine, found in a Chinese tea variety called kucha. Supplement makers promote it as a…
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Tests and monitoring
Progesterone Above or Below the Normal Range: Causes in Athletes and What to Do
Progesterone is one of the hormones most often misread on blood test reports. A "low" value can be completely normal if the sample was…
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Sports nutrition: new perspectives
Creatine Monohydrate for Women: Are There Any Special Considerations?
Creatine monohydrate is the most researched sports supplement in the world, yet for years it was marketed almost exclusively to men. A…
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